| 文物統一編號 |
故畫001363N000000000
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| 作品號 |
故畫00136300000 |
| 品名 |
明張宏畫布袋羅漢 軸
Lohan Pu-tai |
| 分類 |
繪畫 |
| 作者 |
張宏 |
| 數量 |
一軸 |
| 印記類別 |
印主 |
印記 |
| 鑑藏寶璽 |
清內府印 |
三希堂精鑑璽 |
| 鑑藏寶璽 |
清高宗 |
太上皇帝 |
| 鑑藏寶璽 |
清內府印 |
宜子孫 |
| 鑑藏寶璽 |
宣統帝 |
宣統御覽之寶 |
| 鑑藏寶璽 |
清高宗 |
珠林重定 |
| 鑑藏寶璽 |
清內府印 |
秘殿珠林 |
| 鑑藏寶璽 |
清高宗 |
秘殿新編 |
| 鑑藏寶璽 |
清高宗 |
乾清宮鑑藏寶 |
| 鑑藏寶璽 |
清高宗 |
乾隆御覽之寶 |
| 鑑藏寶璽 |
清高宗 |
乾隆鑑賞 |
| 鑑藏寶璽 |
清仁宗 |
嘉慶御覽之寶 |
| 主題類別 |
主題(第一層) |
主題(第二層) |
主題說明 |
| 主要主題 |
佛道人物 |
僧（和尚、尼姑） |
布袋和尚 |
| 其他主題 |
器用 |
宗教器用 |
念珠．手杖．布袋 |
| 類別 |
參考資料 |
| 內容簡介 |
張宏（公元一五七七－一六六八年以後），江蘇吳郡人。字君度，號鶴澗。工畫山水，右善寫意人物，筆墨古拙濕潤。
案布袋和尚原為五代後梁時，明州（今浙江）奉化和尚，又號長汀子。身材矮胖，蹙額鼓腹，出言語無倫次，常以杖荷一布袋入市肆，見物即乞。後遇保福和尚渡化，貞元三年，端坐岳林寺磐石入滅。後現身於別州，背負布袋而行，因而得名。
|
| 內容簡介 |
布袋和尚原為五代人。身材矮胖，蹙額鼓腹，常以杖荷一布袋入市肆，見物即乞求，口中常唸著「彌勒真彌勒」之偈。渡化入滅後又現身他處，背負布袋而行，民眾便認定他是彌勒化身。
《西遊記》第六十五、六十六回稱彌勒佛門下的司磬黃眉童子偷了師父的法寶布袋下凡作惡，作戰時把布袋一拋，敵人馬上全體被收入袋中。孫悟空後來請得彌勒親臨，才施法擒住徒兒。
|
| Description |
The monk Cloth Sack (Pu-tai), of the Five Dynasties period, was short and fat, with a deep brow and round belly. He carried his belongings in a cloth sack tied to a cane, hence his name. When begging, he would mutter “Maitreya, True Maitreya”. After passing away, he was reincarnated with his cloth sack. He was felt to be an incarnation of Maitreya, thus the many images of him in Chekiang and Kiangsu. In chapters 65 and 66 of Journey to the West, the child Yellow Brow, attendant of the Maitreya Buddha, stole the Master’s cloth sack of treasures to the mortal realm to wreak havoc. Flinging the sack in battle, the opponent would be engulfed at once. The Monkey King begged Maitreya, who then used magic powers and catch this attendant.
|
| Description |
Chang Hung was a native of Kiangsu. His style name was Chun-tu; his sobriquet was Ho-chien. An able landscapist, he also painted expressionistic portraits. His brush work is antique and unstudied; his use of ink is rich and moist.
Pu-tai, otherwise called Ch'ang-t'ing-tzu, lived in the 10th century in Chekiang province. He was corpulent, had a wrinkled brow, and a massive belly. His speech was utterly eccentric and, when he went to market, he carried a cloth-bag on a pole over his shoulder, stopping the rich to ask for alms. Later he met the monk Pao-fu and received spiritual instruction from him. While sitting on a rock in Yueh-lin temple, he died and entered Nirvana. From that time onward he made many appearances throughout China. He was always seen as carrying a cloth bag (pu-tai) slung over his back. This is the origin of his name.
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| 收藏著錄 |
秘殿珠林續編（乾清宮），頁316
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| 收藏著錄 |
故宮書畫錄（卷五），第三冊，頁473
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| 收藏著錄 |
故宮書畫圖錄，第九冊，頁5-6
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| 網頁展示說明 |
布袋和尚原為五代人。身材矮胖，蹙額鼓腹，常以杖荷一布袋入市肆，見物即乞求，口中常唸著「彌勒真彌勒」之偈。渡化入滅後又現身於他處，背負布袋而行，民眾便認定他是彌勒化身，因而江浙間「多畫其像」。
《西遊記》第六十五、六十六回稱彌勒佛門下的司磬黃眉童子偷了師父的法寶布袋下凡作惡，作戰時把布袋一拋，敵人馬上全體被收入袋中。孫悟空後來請得彌勒親臨，始施法擒住徒兒。 而書中描寫彌勒的樣子為：
「大耳橫頤方面相，肩查腹滿身軀胖，一腔春意喜盈盈，兩眼秋波光蕩蕩。蔽袖飄然福氣多，芒鞋泗落精神壯，極樂場中第一尊，南無彌勒笑和尚。」這正是我們從此畫所見到笑彌勒的樣子。
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| 網頁展示說明 |
The monk Cloth Sack (Pu-tai), of the Five Dynasties period, was said to be short and fat, having a deep brow and round belly. He carried his belongings in a cloth sack tied to a cane, hence his name. When begging, he would mutter "Maitreya, True Maitreya". After passing away, he was reincarnated with his cloth sack. He was felt to be an incarnation of Maitreya, thus the many images of him in Chekiang and Kiangsu. In chapters 65 and 66 of Journey to the West, the attendant Yellow Brow, said to be a disciple of the Maitreya Buddha, stole the Master's cloth sack of treasures and descended to the mortal realm to wreak havoc. Flinging the sack in battle, the opponent would be engulfed at once. The Monkey King begged Maitreya, who used his powers to capture the mischievous attendant. In the novel, Maitreya is described as follows:
"With a wide visage of large ears and broad cheeks, the whole of his body from shoulders to belly is corpulent. He, like the New Year, is overflowing with merry, eyes beautifully bright and vast. He, covered in flowing sleeves of gracious good fortune, has a robust spirit spreading far and wide. He, the foremost Buddha in the land of Paradise, is the laughing Buddhist monk Maitreya."
This is exactly the laughing appearance of Maitreya that we see in this painting.
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本院文物保存維護依〈國立故宮博物院典藏文物管理作業要點〉及〈國立故宮博物院文物修護業務作業原則〉辦理
抽盤點紀錄
修護紀錄
