宋四家墨寶 冊 宋蔡襄致杜君長官尺牘 蔡襄 , 29.2x46.8

詳細資料

基本資料 藏品類型 書法
文物統一編號 故書000235N000000001 抽盤點紀錄 修護紀錄
作品號 故書00023500001
品名 宋四家墨寶 冊 宋蔡襄致杜君長官尺牘
Letter to Officer-Gentleman Du
分類 法書
作者 蔡襄
書體 行書
數量 一幅
作品語文 漢文
釋文 襄啟。自離都至南京。長子勻感傷寒七日。遂不起此疾。南歸殊為榮幸。不意災禍如此。動息感念。哀痛何可言也。承示及書。并永平信。益用悽惻。旦夕度江。不及相見。依詠之極。謹奉手啟。為謝不一不一。襄頓首。杜君長官足下。七月十三日。貴眷各佳安。老兒已下無恙。永平已曾於遞中。馳信報之。

典藏尺寸 【位置】 【尺寸】(公分)
本幅 29.2x46.8

質地 【質地位置】 【質地】
本幅

題跋資料 【題跋類別】 【作者】 【位置】 【款識】 【書體】 【全文】
題籤 裱紙 宋蔡忠惠公杜君帖。

印記資料 【印記類別】 【印記】
鑑藏寶璽 乾隆御覽之寶
鑑藏寶璽 石渠定鑑
鑑藏寶璽 寶笈重編
鑑藏寶璽 養心殿鑑藏寶
鑑藏寶璽 嘉慶御覽之寶
鑑藏寶璽 石渠寶笈
鑑藏寶璽 三希堂精鑑璽
鑑藏寶璽 宜子孫
收傳印記 孫琦之印
收傳印記 心賞
收傳印記 安儀周家珍藏
收傳印記 朝鮮人
收傳印記 安岐之印

參考資料 【類別】 【參考資料】
收藏著錄 石渠寶笈續編(養心殿),第二冊,頁1097
收藏著錄 故宮書畫錄(第三卷),第一冊,頁141
收藏著錄 故宮歷代法書全集,第十一冊,頁4-37、186-193
研究性論著 蔡襄,字君謨,興化仙游(今福建仙游)人。襄書初學周越,後出入顏真卿、虞世南、王羲之,而能自闢蹊徑。行書第一,小楷第二,草書第三。他擅長真行草隸各體,尤以行、楷著稱,更有善寫豐碑巨額的絕招,譽滿書苑,時與蘇、黃、米並列“宋四家”。蔡天資高穎,書法入二王,行書最佳,系超法尚意書風的第一人。 蔡襄傳世書跡為楷、行兩體,楷體蹈唐人規矩,無甚超越,行書則個性突出,別樹一幟。此帖可窺堂奧。從現存留下的蔡襄墨跡看,以筆札最優。其中行楷受到顏體影響較深,嚴謹厚重不及,但瀟灑蘊藉可上追晉人。行草書明顯地受「二王」影響,值得珍視的是吸收、消化了顏體筆意。蔡襄書法中的天趣,只有簡札中保留最多,在日常的問答、往還中無意工書而趣味盎然。全幅22行112字,系蔡襄即將渡長江“南歸”途中所書。此帖追述離都(開封)行至南京(今商丘)而痛失長子等事。至和二年(1055)六月,蔡襄出知泉州,離汴京經商丘(南京),長子勻感傷寒去世,友人杜衍來信慰問,蔡作此書答謝。信中所謂“南歸”指回老家做官。蔡襄宦跡中曾兩度出守福州,首次在慶曆四年(1044),他33歲,第二次在至和三年(1056),四五歲。據歐陽修《瑞明殿學士蔡公墓誌銘》記載,襄有三子:「曰勻,將作監主簿;曰旬,大理評事,皆先公卒。幼子巹也。」蔡勻既有官職,顯然已經是成人,所以可以推斷此書必定作於後一次的「南歸」。蔡返鄉為官本是榮幸之事,卻逢中年喪子之哀事,矛盾複雜心情交雜一時,故此帖平靜中含雜亂,躊躇中見傷痛。書信雖在哀傷慘淡的情緒中寫就,猶不失遒麗之致,可見蔡襄襟懷與顏真卿告伯祭姪時的激烈有大異。這似乎可詮釋蘇軾評蔡襄「真(學顏)不如行(學虞)」的原因。顏真卿之《祭姪文稿》書於心情極其摧裂之時,但行筆恍惚、錯雜;蔡襄之離都帖則書於悲喜交加之時,故行筆沖融有致,但內含哀韻。書尚宣情,意情不同,自然行筆有異,這或許不失真不如行的問題,其實蔡襄是學顏、二王的高手,與虞世南關係不大。此帖書法豐腴厚重處似顏真卿,兼有王羲之行草之俊秀。
參考書目 1.王耀庭,〈宋四家墨寶 冊 宋蔡襄致杜君長官尺牘〉,收入林柏亭主編,《大觀-北宋書畫特展》(臺北:國立故宮博物院,2006年初版一刷),頁468-471。 2.陳階晉,〈「天子之寶 — 台北國立故宮博物院的收藏」展品系列(五) — 書法、圖書文獻〉,《故宮文物月刊》,第248期(2003年11月),頁7。 3.〈致杜君長官尺牘(離都帖)〉,收入何傳馨、陳階晉、何炎泉編,《故宮法書新編 (八) 宋 蔡襄墨蹟》(臺北:國立故宮博物院,2011年九月初版一刷),頁52-55。
內容簡介(中文) 蔡襄,字君謨,興化仙游(今福建仙游)人。天聖八年(1030),十九歲中進士,曾做過開封知府、福州、泉州、杭州等地的知州。書法學虞世南、顏真卿,並取法晉人,與蘇軾、黃庭堅、米芾並列為「北宋四家」,譽滿書苑,蘇軾稱他「天資既高,積學深至,心手相應,變態無窮,遂為本朝第一。」此帖又名「離都帖」。至和二年(1055)六月,蔡襄出知泉州,離汴京經商丘(南京),長子勻感傷寒去世,友人杜衍來信慰問,襄作此書答謝。書法豐腴厚重似顏真卿,兼有王羲之行草之俊秀。本幅選自「宋四家墨寶」冊。
內容簡介(英文) Ts'ai Hsiang (style name Chun-mo)was a native of Hsien-yu, Fukien. In 1030, at the age of 18, he received the chin-shih service degree, and he went on to serve as prefect of such places as Fu-chou, Ch'uan-chou, Hang-chou and the capital district of K'ai-feng. In calligraphy, he studied the styles of Yu Shih-nan(558-638)and Yen Chen-ch'ing(709-785)while learning from those of even earlier chin masters. Su Shih(1036-1101)praised Ts'ai Hsiang as "Gifted by nature, his studied deep and far-reaching. His heart and hand move in harmony to produce a myriad forms unparalleled in our dynasty." This work, also known as Letter on Leaving the Capital, was written while Ts'ai was traveling to south. In the sixth lunar month of 1055, Ts'ai Hsiang was assigned as prefect of Ch'uan-chou. He left the capital and was passing through Shang'ch'iu(Nanking) when he received word that his eldest son passed away from typhoid. His friend Tu Yen sent condolences, and Ts'ai expressed his gratitude in this return letter. The calligraphy in this letter is plump and heavy in places, much like the style of Yen Chen-ch'ing combined with the handsome elegance of the running script of Wang Hsi-chih(ca. 307-ca. 365). This work is from Ink Treasures of the Four Sung Masters.
內容簡介(中文) 蔡襄(1012-1067),字君謨,福建仙游人。書法學虞世南、顏真卿,並取法晉人。與蘇軾、黃庭堅、米芾並列「北宋四家」,譽滿書苑。此帖又名〈離都帖〉,乃蔡襄即將渡長江「南歸」途中所書,追述離都(開封)行至南京(今商丘)而痛失長子。友人來信慰問,襄作此書答謝。書法豐腴厚重處似顏真卿,兼有王獻之行草之俊秀。蔡襄享年五十六歲,因而這件尺牘即可目為他成熟書風的代表作。(20061206)
內容簡介(英文) Ts'ai Hsiang, style name Chun-mo, was a native of Hsien-yu in Fukien. In calligraphy, he followed the traditions of the T’ang dynasty masters Yu Shih-nan and Yen Chen-ch’ing while also borrowing from calligraphers of the Chin. Famous in calligraphic circles, he was known along with Mi Fu, Su Shih, and Huang T'ing-chien as one of the Four Masters of the Northern Sung. This work is also known as “Leaving the City” and was written as Ts'ai Hsiang was about to cross the Yangtze River “returning south”, recalling with anguish how he lost his eldest son after leaving the capital city (K’ai-feng) on his way to Nan-ching (“Southern Capital”, modern Shang-ch’iu). A friend had written a letter to express condolences, and Ts'ai composed this letter in gratitude. The places where the calligraphy is full of form and solid in appearance resemble those of Yen Chen-ch’ing, combined with some of the elegance of Wang Hsien-chih’s semi-cursive script. This letter, written by Ts'ai Hsiang at the age of 55, can be considered a representative work of his mature calligraphy style.(20061206)
內容簡介(中文) 蔡襄(西元一0一二-一0六七年),字君謨,福建仙游人。書法學虞世南、顏真卿,並取法晉人。與蘇軾、黃庭堅、米芾並列為「北宋四家」,譽滿書苑。 此帖又名〈離都帖〉。乃蔡襄即將渡長江「南歸」途中所書,追述離都(開封)行至南京(今商丘)而痛失長子。友人來信慰問,襄作此書答謝。書法豐腴厚重處似顏真卿,兼有王羲之行草之俊秀。選自〈宋四家墨寶〉冊。(20110710)
內容簡介(英文) Cai Xiang, a native of Xianyou, Fujian, studied the Tang dynasty styles of Yu Shinan and Yan Zhenqing, while also looking back to the methods of Jin calligraphers. Famed for his calligraphy, Cai was one of the “Four Masters of the Northern Song.” This work, also known as Letter on Leaving the Capital, was written while Cai was traveling to the south. Leaving the capital (Kaifeng) on the way to Nanjing (modern Shangqiu), he learned that his eldest son had passed away. His friend Du wrote to send his condolences, and Cai wrote back in gratitude. The style, plump and heavy in places like that of Yan Zhenqing’s, also has the elegance of Wang Xizhi’s semi-cursive script. This work is from the album “Ink Treasures of the Four Song Masters.”(20110710)

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